Tsebo e akaretsang ea masela a masela le ho khetholla masela a tloaelehileng

Lesela la maselake taeo ea profeshenale. Joaloka moreki oa feshene, le hoja re sa hloke ho tseba tsebo ea masela ka botsebi joaloka litsebi tsa masela, ba hloka ho ba le tsebo e itseng ea masela le ho tseba ho khetholla masela a tloaelehileng, ho utloisisa melemo le melemo ea masela ana le mekhoa e sebetsang.

1. Lintlha tse ka sehloohong tsa lesela

(1) Sebopeho sa masela: Ho hlophisoa ha masela, ho kenyelletsa le thepa, ho ikutloa ka letsoho, joalo-joalo, ho etsa qeto ea hore litšobotsi tse ngata tsa masela ke litaba tseo bareki ba lokelang ho li utloisisa ha ba reka lihlahisoa, kahoo ke tsa bohlokoa haholo.

(2) Litšobotsi tsa booki: tlhokomelo ea masela e kenyelletsa ho hlatsoa, ​​ho boloka, joalo-joalo, e leng litaba tseo basebelisi ba ho qetela ba tla ameha ka tsona ka ho khetheha. Ka linako tse ling bareki ba tela ho reka sehlahisoa hobane tlhokomelo e rarahane haholo.

(3) Masela le liaparo tse lohiloeng: Ka lebaka la lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa ho loha le mekhoa ea ho loha, masela a masela a liaparo a na le mekhahlelo e 'meli e latelang:

① Lesela: ka lihlopha tse peli kapa ho feta tsa likhoele ho tse ling ka Angle e nepahetseng, khoele ea longitudinal e bitsoa warp, khoele e ka morao le ho ea pele e bitsoa weft. Hobane khoele ea lesela e fapanyetsana ka tsela e otlolohileng, setereke se na le sekhahla se tiileng, se tsitsitseng, le se batlang se le tlase.

② Ntho e lohiloeng: sebopeho sa lesale la khoele se etsa lesale la nale, lesale le lecha la nale ka lesale la nale le fetileng, le pheta-phetoang, ke hore, ho thehoa ha ntho ea ho loha.

(4) Sebopeho sa tlhophiso ea masela: Tse latelang ke lithane tse tharo tsa mantlha tsa mantlha tsa lesela, tse tsejoang hape e le mokhatlo oa mantlha. Mekhatlo e meng kaofela e tsoa liphetohong tsena tse tharo tsa mokhatlo.

① Mokhatlo o otlolohileng: lesela la lesela le bataletseng lea phaphamala ebe le phaphamala. Tšobotsi ea mokhatlo o bataletseng ke hore phello ea ponahalo ea mahlakore ka bobeli a lesela e tšoana, 'me bokaholimo bo bataletse, kahoo bo bitsoa mokhatlo o bataletseng. Sebopeho sa lesela le hlakileng le tiile, bothata ba lona ke ho ikutloa bo le thata, mohlala ke monotonous.

② Li-tissue tse hlabang: ntlha ea mesifa ea lesela la twill ke mokhoa o sa khaotseng oa ho sekama. Tšobotsi ea lesela la twill tissue ke hore lesela le na le phapang ea pele le e mpe, e thata le e teteaneng ho feta lesela le bataletseng, le nang le khanya e ntle le e bonolo. Leha ho le joalo, tlas'a boemo ba botenya bo ts'oanang le botenya ba warp ft, ho tiea ha eona ho ka tlaase ho lesela la masela a bataletseng.

③ Mokhatlo oa Satin: Mokhatlo oa Satin ke oona o rarahaneng ka ho fetisisa ho li-tissue tse tharo tsa pele. Tšobotsi ea masela a satin ke: lesela holim'a lesela le boreleli, le tletse ho benya, lesela le bonolo, empa le bapisoa le lesela le sephara, lesela la twill, le bonolo ho khohlano le moriri, esita le tšenyo. Mokhatlo oa lijo-thollo o sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa liaparo tse tloaelehileng.

5 E le moreki lokela ho utloisisa kakaretso tloaelehileng boima ba selemo le lehlabula tloaelehileng masela (haholo-holo knitted masela) le boima tloaelehileng ea hoetla le mariha tloaelehileng masela.

2. Khethollo ea likhoele tsa masela

Textile fiber e arotsoe haholo ka fiber ea tlhaho le fiber ea lik'hemik'hale.

(1) Likhoele tsa tlhaho: li bua ka likhoele tsa masela tse fumanoang limela kapa liphoofolo. E na le likhoele tsa semela (cotton, hemp) le likhoele tsa liphoofolo (moriri, silika).

(2) Faeba ea lik'hemik'hale: e arotsoe haholo ka mekhahlelo e meraro e latelang:

① Fiber e tsosolositsoeng: fiber e entsoeng ka selulose ea tlhaho. Rayon, rayon le moriri oa maiketsetso o entsoe ke mokhoa ona.

② Synthetic fiber: polyester e sebelisoang hangata, acrylic, nylon, polypropylene, chlorine fiber ke ea sehlopha sena.

③ Inorganic fiber: silicate fiber, fiber ea tšepe e leng karolo ea sehlopha sena,

3. Maikutlo a tloaelehileng a masela a tloaelehileng

Lintlha tse latelang ke melemo le melemo e meholo ea masela a sebelisoang hangata le mekhoa ea ho khetholla.

(1) K'hothone:

① likarolo tsa mantlha:

a. Ho monya mongobo ka matla.

b. Lesela la k'hothone le tsitsitse haholo ho li-inorganic acid.

c. Ho pepesetsoa nako e telele ke khanya ea letsatsi le sepakapaka, lesela la k'hothone le ka bapala phello e liehang ea oxidation, phokotso e matla.

d. Likokoana-hloko, hlobo le masela a mang a k'hothone.

② molemo o moholo:

A, bokaholimo ba lesela bo na le khanya e bonolo le maikutlo a bonolo.

5 E le moreki lokela ho utloisisa kakaretso tloaelehileng boima ba selemo le lehlabula tloaelehileng masela (haholo-holo knitted masela) le boima tloaelehileng ea hoetla le mariha tloaelehileng masela.

2. Khethollo ea likhoele tsa masela

Textile fiber e arotsoe haholo ka fiber ea tlhaho le fiber ea lik'hemik'hale.

(1) Likhoele tsa tlhaho: li bolela likhoele tsa masela tse fumanoang limeleng kapa liphoofolong. E na le likhoele tsa semela (cotton, hemp) le likhoele tsa liphoofolo (moriri, silika).

(2) Faeba ea lik'hemik'hale: e arotsoe haholo ka mekhahlelo e meraro e latelang:

① Fiber e tsosolositsoeng: fiber e entsoeng ka selulose ea tlhaho. Rayon, rayon le moriri oa maiketsetso o entsoe ke mokhoa ona.

② Synthetic fiber: polyester e sebelisoang hangata, acrylic, nylon, polypropylene, chlorine fiber ke ea sehlopha sena.

③ Inorganic fiber: silicate fiber, fiber ea tšepe e leng karolo ea sehlopha sena,

3. Maikutlo a tloaelehileng a masela a tloaelehileng

Lintlha tse latelang ke melemo le melemo e meholo ea masela a sebelisoang hangata le mekhoa ea ho khetholla.

(1) K'hothone:

① likarolo tsa mantlha:

a. Ho monya mongobo ka matla.

b. Lesela la k'hothone le tsitsitse haholo ho li-inorganic acid.

c. Ho pepesetsoa nako e telele ke khanya ea letsatsi le sepakapaka, lesela la k'hothone le ka bapala phello e liehang ea oxidation, phokotso e matla.

d. Likokoana-hloko, hlobo le masela a mang a k'hothone.

② molemo o moholo:

A, bokaholimo ba lesela bo na le khanya e bonolo le maikutlo a bonolo.

f. Mocheso o phahameng o hanyetsanang le mocheso, o ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho aena mocheso o phahameng.

⑥ Likarolo tsa mantlha tse tsoakiloeng:

a. Scoy cotton: Lesela la holim'a lesela le khanyang le bonolo ebile le khanyang, 'mala o khanyang, o boreleli ebile o boreleli, o ikutloa o le bonolo, o fokola. Ka mor'a ho phunya lesela ka letsoho, lesela le totobetseng le ka bonoa, 'me lesela ha le bonolo ho nyamela.

B, k'hothone ea polyester: khanya e khanyang ho feta lesela le hloekileng la k'hothone, lesela le boreleli, le hloekile ntle le hlooho ea khoele kapa litšila. Ikutloe u le boreleli, u boreleli ho feta lesela le hloekileng la k'hothone. Ka mor'a ho penya lesela, crease ha e totobetse, 'me ho bonolo ho tsosolosa boemo ba pele.